. 2011 Jan 31;26(2):197–208. doi: 10.1002/mds.23449

TABLE 2.

Emergency room admissions

Study	Inclusion	Exclusion	Number of patients	Design	Control group	ER admissions (%)	Reasons ER visit
Vargas et al., 2007⁹	PD	Hoehn and Yahr Stage 5	144	Retrospective	No	22% in 1 yr	Primarily side effects of anti-Parkinsonian drugs
		Parkinsonism
		Severe cognitive dysfunction
Cosentino et al., 2005¹⁰	PD	Parkinsonism	130	Retrospective	No	22% in 1 yr	Injuries 61%, mainly fractures 37%
		Admissions related to PD					Abdominal pain 6%
							Pneumonia, dysphagia, dyskinesia, epistaxis, hearing loss, pulp disease, teeth extraction, lumbago, pain in joint: all 3%
Martignoni et al., 2004⁴	PD	Parkinsonism	48	Prospective	No	All selected patients	Cardiovascular 27%
							Trauma with fractures 19%
							Chest or abdominal problems 19%
							Neurological (both related and unrelated to PD) 17%
							Head injury 6%
							Hip prothesis displacement 2%
Factor and Molho, 2000¹¹	PD		5	Case report	No	All selected patients	Severe motor off periods, dyskinesia, psychosis, acute confusion, panic disorder, pain

ER, emergency room; PD, Parkinson's disease.