Fig. 4.

Expression of BvFLK and BvFVE1 in B. vulgaris. (A) Expression across major plant organs in the biennial genotype A906001. Plants were vernalized and grown under long-day conditions. RT-qPCR expression levels were normalized against BvGAPDH and measured in triplicate. (B) Diurnal and circadian RT-qPCR expression profiles. Relative expression levels in leaves are shown for a 24 h period under long-day conditions, followed by 48 h under continuous low light at a constant temperature of 22 °C. Expression was measured every 4 h. Expression was normalized using BvGAPDH, BvEF2, and BvTUB. Error bars indicate the standard deviations of the mean. (C) BvFVE1 promoter and 5′ UTR. A total of 1116 bp of the genomic sequence upstream of the start codon are shown. The transcription start site was determined by RACE. The 5′ UTR sequence is printed in italics. Bold letters at positions –9 and –36 (relative to the transcription start site) indicate a TATA-box-like sequence (de Pater et al., 1990) and a TATA-box according to the transcription start site prediction program TSSP (http://www.softberry.ru/berry.phtml), respectively. A GA repeat motif (Santi et al., 2003) in the 5′ UTR just upstream of the ATG start codon is shown in upper case letters. Putative light- and circadian clock-regulated promoter elements are boxed [SORLIP and SORLREP (Hudson and Quail, 2003), GT1 consensus sequence (Terzaghi and Cashmore, 1995), IBOX core motif (Terzaghi and Cashmore, 1995), GATA box (Gilmartin et al., 1990), INRNTPSADB (Nakamura et al., 2002), –10PEHVPSBD (Thum et al., 2001), and a six nucleotide motif (clock/ME) which is common to a promoter element over-represented in circadian clock-regulated genes and a morning element (Harmer and Kay, 2005)]. Arrows above the sequence denote inverted and tandem repeat units. The 3′ end of a sequence tract with homology to the subtelomeric satellite AM076746 of B. vulgaris [clone pAv34-32 (Dechyeva and Schmidt, 2006)] is underlined.