Figure 2.

Diabetes prolongs periodontal inflammation and impairs bone formation following resorption. Ligatures were placed around the molar teeth of ZDF type 2 diabetic and normoglycemic control rats and left in place for seven days. Rats were euthanized prior to placement of ligatures (no ligatures), immediately after removal (7 day) or 4 (4+7) or 9 (9+7) days following ligature removal. A. The interproximal gingiva between the 1st and 2nd and 2nd and 3rd molars was examined for the presence of inflammatory cells (PMNs and mononuclear cells) in HandE stained sections using the following scale: 0 (no inflammation), 1 (slight), 2 (moderate), 3 (severe). B. The area of new bone formation was measured in relationship to a reversal line identified in TRAP stained sections. Each value is the mean of five to seven rats + SE. ¹ indicates significant difference between diabetics and normoglycemic control rats (P<0.05). Adapted with permission from (81).