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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Front Biosci. 2008 Jan 1;13:1227–1239. doi: 10.2741/2757

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Diabetes results in enhanced expression of cytokines that regulate osteoclast formation during fracture healing. Fractures were induced in the tibia or streptozotocin induced diabetic and normoglycemic mice. Total RNA from diabetic and normoglycemic mice was extracted, purified and evaluated by real-time PCR. Data for each cytokine were normalized to the value obtained from normoglycemic mice at Day 12, which was set as relative expression = 1. (1) represents (p<0.05) between normal and diabetic. (2) represents (p<0.05) between one time point and the previous time point. Adapted with permission from (81).