Table 2. Literature regarding the effects of anesthetics on the neurochemical profile in the rodent brain investigated with 1HMRS.
| Animal species | MRI | Anesthetic | Brain region | [Lac] (mmol/L) | [Glu] (mmol/L) | [Glc] (mmol/L) | [Cr] (mmol/L) | [Cr+PCr] (mmol/L) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD rat | 9.4T | Isoflurane (2%) | Cortex and hippocampus | ∼1.9 | ∼8.7 | ∼3.5 | ∼3.9 | ∼8.5 | Pfeuffer et al (1999) |
| SD rat (28 days) | 9.4T | Isoflurane (1.5%–2%) | Cortex and hippocampus | ∼1.5 | ∼9–11 | ∼5.0 | ∼5.7 | Tkac et al (2003) | |
| Mouse | 9.4T | N2O and 1.2%–1.5% isoflurane | Cortex | ∼2.5 | ∼11–12 | ∼3.5 | ∼5.0 | ∼8–10 | Tkac et al (2004) |
| SD rat | 9.4T | α-Chloralose (plasma glucose ∼12 mmol/L) | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼10–11 | ∼3.0 | ∼3.5 | ∼8.5 | Lei et al (2010) |
| SD rat | 9.4T | Deep thiopental (plasma glucose ∼12 mmol/L) | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼10–11 | ∼5.0 | ∼3.0 | ∼7.5–8.0 | Lei et al (2010) |
| SD rat | 9.4T | N2O and isoflurane 2% | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼9.0 | ∼1.8 | ∼3.5 | ∼8.0 | Du et al (2009) |
| SD rat | 9.4T | Light thiopental | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼8.4 | ∼1.6 | ∼3.2 | ∼8.0 | Du et al (2009) |
| SD rat | 9.4T | Deep thiopental | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼8.8 | ∼0.70 | ∼4.0 | ∼8.0 | Du et al (2009) |
| Fisher rat | 9.4T | Isoflurane 1MAC | Cortex | ∼1.0 | ∼10–11 | ∼1.0 | ∼2.5 | ∼8.0–9.0 | Our study |
| Fisher rat | 9.4T | Propofol 1MAC equivalent | Cortex | ∼0.3 | ∼9.0 | <0.3 | ∼1.8 | ∼8.0–9.0 | Our study |
Cr, creatine; Glc, glucose; Glu, glutamate; Lac, lactate; MAC, minimal alveolar concentration; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PCr, phosphocreatine; SD, Sprague–Dawley. Italics signifies that the results originate from this study.