Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics for Study Variables

	%	Mean	SD
Academic Factors
Math test score in 8th grade		35.76	11.99
Algebra I enrollment in 8th grade	31.40
Initial math course-taking level		3.76	1.20
Math credits by end of high school		2.88	1.08
Information Factors
Parent discussion of coursework (8th)		2.38	.50
Parent discussion of coursework (10th)		2.01	.53
Number of consultants for coursework (8th)		2.99	1.50
Number of consultants for coursework (10th)		1.04	1.06
Teacher encouragement of math coursework (10th)		1.93	.79
Sociodemographic Factors
Gender (female)	51.34
Age (years)		13.85	.60
Non-Latino/a White	62.02
African-American	9.82
Latino/a	12.46
Asian-American	6.45
Other race/ethnicity	1.17
Two-parent family	62.22
Single parent family	10.90
Stepfamily	15.94
Other family structure	2.51
Family SES		−.13	.79
Middle School Measuresa
Public school	77.20
Catholic school	8.64
Non-Catholic private school	6.84
Suburban school	39.75
Urban school	23.92
Rural school	29.00
Northeast region school	17.20
North central region school	24.36
South region school	32.38
West region school	18.73
Proportion college-educated parents in school (8th)
High School Factorsb
Policy of ability grouping for math	52.05
Degree of movement among tracks		3.11	.62
Number of math classes offered		8.08	5.20
Number of math teachers on staff		1.17	.92
School size		4.77	2.42
Counselor influence on course placement		2.41	.72
Teacher influence on course placement		2.12	.86
Parent influence on course placement		2.28	.86
Test score influence on course placement		1.89	.94
Public school	84.24
Catholic school	5.95
Non-Catholic private school	5.68
Suburban school	37.78
Urban school	28.26
Rural school	30.08
Northeast region school	17.67
North central region school	24.97
South region school	34.32
West region school	19.57
Proportion college-educated parents in school (10th)		.24	.24

n = 14,915

^aMiddle school factors came from 8^th grade data collection.

^bHigh school factors came from 10^th grade data collection.