Figure 6.

Adaptive regime models for association between mandible shape and diet. Model OU.2 discriminates two adaptive optima, one for species with feeding modes that involve a considerable amount of mastication (Insectivory, Carnivory and Frugivory), and species with feeding modes involving little or no mastication (Sanguivory and Nectarivory). Model OU.3 discriminates three adaptive optima: two with little or no mastication, but with fundamental differences (Sanguivory and Nectarivory), and one involving mastication (lumping Insectivory, Carnivory and Frugivory). Model OU.4 discriminates four dietary adaptive optima, lumping Insectivores and Carnivores in the Animalivore category. Model OU.5 discriminates optima for the five main dietary groups. All ancestral states estimated by a maximum likelihood algorithm (see methods).