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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Br J Dermatol. 2009 Jul 7;161(6):1301–1306. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09400.x

Figure 1. Increased Th1, Th2 and Th-17 cytokine gene expression in ACD positive patch test sites.

Figure 1

Figure 1

A, The relative increase of cytokine mRNAs (medians) is shown in log scales in comparison to their respective normal skins. By Mann-Whitney U test, mRNA increased significantly in the patch test sites over paired controls for IFN-γ (P<0.001), IL-4 (P<0.005), IL-17 (P<0.005), RORC (P<0.005), IL-17F (P < 0.05), and IL-23p19 (P < 0.005). B, Relative fold change in cytokine mRNA expression as the patch test score increases over time in one patient with nickel allergy and a crescendo patch test reaction.