Table 3.

Relative efficacies of various drug classes in relaxing isolated prostatic smooth muscle preparations precontracted by electrical stimulation or exogenous application of adrenoceptor agonists (where indicated by an asterisk*)

Drug class	Contraction remaining (%)	Species	References
Adenosine receptor agonist	∼20	Rat	Preston et al. (2000)
CGRP	∼60*	Rat	Watts and Cohen (1991)
	∼45	Rat	Ventura et al. (2000b)
α-adrenoceptor antagonist	∼65	Mouse	Gray and Ventura (2005)
	∼50	Mouse	White et al. (2010)
	∼40	Rat	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼45	Rat	Ventura et al. (2003)
	∼50	Guinea-pig	Buljubasich and Ventura (2004)
	∼40	Guinea-pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼50	Rabbit	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼90	Pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
β-adrenoceptor agonist	∼60	Rat	Kalodimos and Ventura (2001)
	∼60*	Guinea-pig	Haynes and Hill (1997)
PGE2	∼65	Rat	Tokanovic et al. (2007)
	∼65	Rat	Tokanovic et al. (2010)
Nitric oxide donors	100*	Rat	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼70*	Guinea-pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼75*	Rabbit	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼70*	Pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼45*	Human	Hedlund et al. (1997)
CB-cannabinoid receptor agonist	∼75	Rat	Tokanovic et al. (2007)
	<73*	Human	Gratzke et al. (2010)
P2X-purinoceptor blocker	100	Mouse	Gray and Ventura (2005)
	100	Mouse	White et al. (2010)
	∼70	Rat	Ventura et al. (2003)
	∼70	Guinea-pig	Buljubasich and Ventura (2004)
Muscarinic receptor antagonist	∼80	Mouse	Gray and Ventura (2005)
	∼75	Mouse	White et al. (2010)
	100	Rat	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼85	Guinea-pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	∼80	Rabbit	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
	100	Pig	Najbar-Kaszkiel et al. (1997)
ET-endothelin receptor antagonist	100	Rat	Salamoussa et al. (2000)
	100	Guinea-pig	Lau et al. (1999)
Histamine receptor antagonist	100	Guinea-pig	Kerr (2006)
NK-tachykinin receptor antagonist	100	Guinea-pig	Buljubasich et al. (1999)

Estimates of efficacy are derived from published experimental data (often estimated from figures) in prostates taken from various species using various drugs.

CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; PGE₂, prostaglandin E₂.