Figure 1.

Roscovitine attenuates leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in vivo and in vitro. (A–C) Mice were treated with TNF-α (500 ng intrascrotally) for 4 h alone or in combination with roscovitine (rosco; 3.5 µg, i.a.). n = 6 per group. *P < 0.05 versus TNF-α. Numbers of firmly adherent (A) and transmigrated leukocytes (B) as well as the leukocyte rolling velocity (C) were quantified via intravital microscopy of mouse cremaster venules. (D) Mice were treated with roscovitine (3.5 µg, i.a.) or with vehicle for 4 h. Leukocytes were isolated and stained with Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) to assess cell death. n = 5 per group. (E) HUVECs were either left untreated (Co) or pretreated with roscovitine for 30 min. TNF-α (10 ng·mL⁻¹) was applied for 24 h before freshly isolated human granulocytes were added for 30 min. Firmly adherent granulocytes were quantified by measuring myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. n = 3. *P < 0.05 versus TNF-α. HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α.