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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Phon. 2010 Oct;38(4):640–653. doi: 10.1016/j.wocn.2010.09.005

Table 13.

Monolinguals’ and bilinguals’ productions of English word-medial nasal stop-voicing distinctions. Asterisk indicates significance.

Effect F(1,14) P
Lingualism 0.0 –
Voicing 683.7* <.001
Lingualism × Voicing 3.1 .100
Place 9.9* .007
Lingualism × Place 1.3 .273
Stress 14.4* .002
Lingualism × Stress 0.2 .662
Voicing × Place 0.0 –
Lingualism × Voicing × Place 5.4* .036
Voicing × Stress 2.2 .160
Lingualism × Voicing × Stress 0.2 .662
Place × Stress 0.7 .417
Lingualism × Place × Stress 0.8 .386
Voicing × Place × Stress 3.8 .072
Lingualism × Voicing × Place × Stress 0.2 .662