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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Phon. 2010 Oct;38(4):640–653. doi: 10.1016/j.wocn.2010.09.005

Table 5.

Monolinguals’ and bilinguals’ productions of English word-initial stop-voicing distinctions. Asterisk indicates significance.

Effect F(1,14) p
Lingualism 0.0 –
Voicing 401.2* <.001
Lingualism × Voicing 0.5 .491
Place 17.7* .001
Lingualism × Place 2.7 .123
Voicing × Place 0.2 .662
Lingualism × Voicing × Place 0.0 –