Model 1: Unadjusted |
4.16 (2.93–5.89) |
2.06 (1.41–3.01) |
2.76 (1.76–4.33) |
3.61 (2.28–5.70) |
3.45 (2.01–5.91) |
1.40 (0.74–2.64) |
Model 2: Adjusted for need: perceived health of mother |
4.36 (3.07–6.19) |
2.32 (1.60–3.36) |
2.82 (1.81–4.40) |
3.90 (2.48–6.14) |
3.61 (2.12–6.15) |
1.53 (0.82–2.84) |
Model 3: Adjusted for enabling variables: educational level, having a paid job |
2.61 (1.78–3.83) |
1.36 (0.91–2.02) |
1.82 (1.14–2.88) |
2.35 (1.45–3.79) |
2.45 (1.66–4.88) |
0.99 (0.52–1.87) |
Model 4: Adjusted for predisposing variables: age, parity, household arrangement, planned pregnancy, pregnancy concern |
3.36 (2.23–5.05) |
1.63 (1.05–2.54) |
2.06 (1.25–3.39) |
2.53 (1.53–4.20) |
2.40 (1.34–4.33) |
1.10 (0.57–2.13) |
Model 5: Adjusted for behavioural variables: intake folic acid, maternal smoking, alcohol use |
2.37 (1.56–3.61) |
1.27 (1.04–2.33) |
1.97 (1.22–3.15) |
2.65 (1.64–4.28) |
2.68 (1.54–4.68) |
1.08 (0.57–2.06) |
Model 6: Adjusted for predisposing, behavioural, enabling and need variables |
1.74 (1.07–2.85) |
0.95 (0.57–1.58) |
1.65 (0.96–2.82) |
1.80 (1.04–3.13) |
2.04 (1.10–3.78) |
0.75 (0.38–1.50) |