Fig. 4.

(A) Experimental design to identify the developmental stage when nymphs of Riptortus pedestris are susceptible to infection with the Burkholderia symbiont. Shaded bars indicate the periods when the insects were supplied with water containing Burkholderia, whereas black lines show the periods when the insects were supplied with sterilized water. (B) Infection frequencies with the Burkholderia symbiont 2 days after molting to the next instar. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between the experimental groups (Fisher's exact probability tests after Bonferroni correction; P < 0.05). Each column shows the number of infected insects/the total number of insects examined.