Table 1.
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains (n = 913) used in this study
| Serovar | No. of strains | Source(s) | Yr(s) isolated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enteritidis | 53 | Poultry, bovine, swine, food, environmental | 2003–2008, 2010 |
| Typhimurium/4,[5],12:i:- | 101/27 | Bovine, poultry, swine, food, others | 2000–2010 |
| Infantis | 51 | Bovine, poultry, swine, human, food, environmental | 2000–2010 |
| Virchow | 32 | Poultry, swine, human, cat, food, environmental | 2000–2001, 2003–2009 |
| Hadar | 52 | Bovine, poultry, human, cat, dog, bird, food | 2001–2009 |
| Bovismorbificans | 14 | Poultry, swine, bovine, food | 2002–2008 |
| Derby | 74 | Poultry, swine, human, dog, environmental, food | 2001–2010 |
| Anatum | 17 | Poultry, swine, bovine, food | 2002–2008 |
| Newport | 48 | Poultry, bovine, human, dog, fish, food, environmental | 2000, 2002–2010 |
| Goldcoast | 24 | Swine, bovine, rabbit, environmental, food | 2001–2006, 2008–2009 |
| 4,12:d:- | 13 | Poultry, swine, bovine | 2003–2004, 2008 |
| Abony | 6 | Bovine, horse | 2007–2008 |
| Agama | 1 | Swine | 2007 |
| Agona | 7 | Swine, dog, poultry, food, environmental | 2005, 2008 |
| Albany | 1 | Fertilizer | 2006 |
| Amersfoort | 1 | Swine | 2005 |
| Augustenborg | 1 | Poultry | 2002 |
| Bareilly | 2 | Environmental, food | 2006 |
| Blockley | 11 | Poultry, bovine, swine | 2000, 2005–2009 |
| Braenderup | 4 | Swine, food, mussel | 2005–2007 |
| Brandenburg | 9 | Swine, poultry, bovine, human, fertilizer | 2002, 2005–2007, 2010 |
| Bredeney | 10 | Poultry, environmental, dog, bird, food | 2005, 2008, 2010 |
| Chandans | 1 | Food | 2010 |
| Cerro | 1 | Chicken | 2008 |
| Choleraesuis | 5 | Swine, game, cat | 2002, 2004–2006, 2009 |
| Coeln | 2 | Chicken | 2008 |
| Colindale | 1 | Food | 2003 |
| Corvallis | 2 | Animal food | 2006 |
| Cubana | 6 | Poultry, animal food, fertilizer | 2006, 2008–2009 |
| Dublin | 11 | Swine, bovine, poultry, dog, food | 2005–2008 |
| Ealing | 5 | Dog, animal food, environmental | 2002–2004, 2006 |
| Eastbourne | 4 | Food, poultry | 2005, 2009 |
| Emek | 1 | Sludge | 2007 |
| Falkensee | 2 | Animal food | 2004–2005 |
| Ferruch | 1 | Poultry | 2002 |
| Gallinarum/Gallinarum var. Pullorum | 4/10 | Poultry | 2004–2010 |
| Give | 4 | Swine, poultry, food | 2006, 2008 |
| Glostrup | 4 | Swine, environmental, food | 2000, 2006, 2008 |
| Haardt | 3 | Poultry | 2000–2001 |
| Haifa | 5 | Swine, human, fertilizer, food | 2005–2006, 2008 |
| Heidelberg | 8 | Poultry, rabbit | 2003, 2005, 2007–2008 |
| Indiana | 8 | Poultry, environmental | 2006, 2008 |
| Isangi | 4 | Poultry | 2006, 2008–2009 |
| Israel | 1 | Deer | 1998 |
| Javiana | 4 | Food, dog, swine, environmental | 2004, 2006–2008 |
| Jerusalem | 1 | Poultry | 2008 |
| Kentucky | 3 | Swine, human, food | 2005, 2007–2008 |
| Kiambu | 11 | Cat, poultry, dog, environmental | 2000, 2004–2006, 2008–2009 |
| Kottbus | 16 | Poultry, bird, bovine, swine, environmental, sludge | 2000, 2002–2006, 2008 |
| Lagos | 1 | Not known | 1983 |
| Lexington | 5 | Swine, poultry, food | 2006–2008 |
| Litchfield | 5 | Swine, poultry, environmental | 2000–2001, 2005–2006 |
| Livingstone | 17 | Poultry, swine, food, dog | 2006–2008, 2010 |
| London | 16 | Swine, bovine, poultry, food | 2000–2009 |
| Manchester | 2 | Poultry | 2002, 2005 |
| Manhattan | 12 | Poultry, bovine, swine | 2000–2001, 2004–2009 |
| Mbandaka | 9 | Food, poultry, swine, environmental | 2001, 2006–2010 |
| Meleagridis | 1 | Human | 2009 |
| Minnesota | 1 | Not known | 2010 |
| Molade | 1 | Food | 2009 |
| Montevideo | 4 | Poultry | 2005, 2007, 2010 |
| Muenchen | 5 | Bovine, dog, game | 2004, 2006, 2008–2009 |
| Muenster | 3 | Poultry, swine, food | 2005, 2010 |
| Ohio | 4 | Poultry, food | 2006, 2008 |
| Oranienburg | 2 | Sludge, environmental | 2006, 2010 |
| Orion | 12 | Poultry, bovine, fish, environmental, food, sludge | 2000–2001, 2005–2007, 2009 |
| Pakistan | 1 | Poultry | 2000 |
| Panama | 12 | Swine, poultry, food | 2000, 2003–2004, 2006–2008, 2010 |
| Paratyphi A | 1 | Human | 1999 |
| Paratyphi B | 12 | Poultry, bovine | 2003, 2004, 2008, 2010 |
| Poona | 1 | Food | 2008 |
| Reading | 6 | Food, poultry, dog | 2001, 2003–2005, 2007 |
| Rissen | 5 | Poultry, bovine, swine, food | 2004, 2008 |
| Saintpaul | 20 | Poultry, swine | 2003, 2006, 2008, 2010 |
| Sandiego | 7 | Dog, mouse, bird, fertilizer, food | 2005–2007, 2009–2010 |
| Schleissheim | 7 | Dog, bird, game, environmental | 2002, 2006, 2007 |
| Schwarzengrund | 4 | Swine, poultry, food, fertilizer | 2006, 2008 |
| Senftenberg | 13 | Poultry, swine, food, environmental | 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008–2010 |
| Stanley | 8 | Swine, dog, food | 2004–2005, 2007–2008 |
| Stanleyville | 8 | Poultry, bovine, food wastewater | 1998, 2001, 2007, 2009 |
| Stourbridge | 1 | Badger | 2010 |
| Teddington | 1 | Food | 2010 |
| Tennessee | 3 | Food, fertilizer | 2006, 2008 |
| Thompson | 4 | Swine, poultry, bovine | 2005, 2007–2008 |
| Weltevreden | 4 | Food, bovine, seafood | 2005, 2008 |
| Wien | 3 | Dog, environmental, food | 2004, 2006–2007 |
| Wilhelmsburg | 1 | Duck | 1998 |
| Zanzibar | 4 | Fish, wild pig | 2000, 2006–2007 |