Table I.

Results of Structural Analyses to Examine the Association between Parental Involvement and Diabetes Outcomes

	Adolescents' adherence behavior				Adolescents' metabolic control (HbA1c)
	Maternal involvement		Paternal involvement		Maternal involvement		Paternal involvement
Models	ba	R2	ba	R2	ba	R2	ba	R2
Affective-only	–	0.225	–	0.182	–	0.023	–	0.074
Relationship quality	0.474*	–	0.426*	–	−0.151*	–	−0.273*	–
Monitoring-only	–	0.316	–	0.148	–	0.012	–	0.104
Monitoring component	0.562*	–	0.385*	–	−0.110	–	−0.323*	–
Instrumental-only	–	0.047	–	0.064	–	0.000	–	0.061
Behavioral involvement	0.216*	–	0.254*	–	0.018	–	−0.247*	–
Full model	–	0.364	–	0.262	–	0.033	–	0.119
Relationship quality	0.107	–	0.277*	–	−0.104	–	−0.085	–
Monitoring	0.619*	–	0.548*	–	−0.123	–	−0.388*	–
Behavioral involvement	−0.205	–	−0.396*	–	0.120	–	0.143	–

^aPath coefficients are presented in standardized units; *p < .05.