Table 2.

Effect of Supplemental Treatment (Vitamin E and C) in Patients with Schizophrenia, Observed in Double-Blind Randomized Studies. Reports for Vitamin E were Included According to Data from Cochrane Library Data Base (Soares and McGrath, 2001)

Vitamin E Studies	Study Duration, Number of Patients	Intervention	Outcome
Adler 1993	12 weeks, N=28	Vitamin E 1600 IU/day	Significant reduction of AIMS score in favor of vitamin E
Adler 1999	2 years, N=158	Vitamin E 1600 IU/day	No significant reduction of AIMS and BPRS
Dabiri 1994	12 weeks, N=12	Vitamin E 1200 IU/day	Significant reduction of AIMS
Elkashef 1990	4 weeks, N=10	Vitamin E 1200 IU/day	Significant reduction of AIMS
Lam 1994	6 weeks, N=16	Vitamin E 1200 IU/day	No significant reduction of AIMS
Lohr 1996	8 weeks, N=55	Vitamin E 1600 IU/day	Significant reduction of AIMS and not of BPRS
Sajjad 1998	7 months, N=20	Vitamin E 600 IU/day	Significant reduction of AIMS score
Vitamin C studies
Nikolaus 2002*(Nicolaus et al., 2002)	2 years , N=6	Vitamin C 200 mg/day and vitamin E 1.8 mg/day	Significant reduction in dyskinetic movements total score
Dakhale 2005 (Dakhale et al. 2005)	8 weeks , N=40	Vitamin C 500 mg/day	Significant reduction in MDA and BPRS

^*Prospective open study.

(N- number of subjects, AIMS- Abnormal Involuntary Movement Syndrome Scale, BPRS - Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, TDRS - Tardive Dyskinesia Rating Scale, MDA - Malondialdehyde).