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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Surg. 2011 Mar 23;213(1):37–42. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.01.056

Table 1.

Baseline Preoperative Frailty and Postoperative Discharge Institutionalization

Baseline preoperative frailty traits After discharge care Spearman rank correlations with discharge location
Home (n=157) Institution (n=66) Correlation coefficient p Value
Age, y 72±6 77±6 −0.3570 <0.0001
Burden chronic disease
 Charlson Index ≥ 3* 42% (66/157) 86% (57/66) −0.4068 <0.0001
 ASA Scorea 2.8±0.5 3.0±0.3 −0.2182 0.0010
 Outpatient medicines, n 5.8±3.2 6.0±2.9 −0.0586 0.3839
 Hematocrit < 35%* 6% (9/157) 44% (29/66) −0.4639 <0.0001
Function
 Any functional dependence* 16% (25/157) 76% (50/66) 0.5781 <0.0001
 Timed up-and-go ≥ 15 sec* 8% (12/157) 67% (44/66) −0.6213 <0.0001
Nutrition
 Albumin < 3.4, g/dL* 10% (15/147) 66% (43/65) −0.4938 <0.0001
 Body Mass Index, kg/m2 27±5 26±5 0.1110 0.0986
 ≥10 lbs weight loss/before 6 mo 10% (16/155) 22% (14/64) 0.1324 0.0504
Mental
 Mini-cognitive ≤ 3* 29% (46/157) 65% (43/66) −0.3342 <0.0001
 Depressed mood 35% (54/156) 41% (27/66) 0.0598 0.3756
Geriatric Syndromes
 ≥ 1 fall in prior 6-mo* 17% (26/156) 61% (40/66) −0.4394 <0.0001
 Extrinsic frailty, lives alone 33% (52/157) 61% (40/66) 0.2549 0.0001
*

Variable used to assess accumulation of frailty characteristics and the need for discharge to an institution.

ASA, American Society of Anesthesiology.