Figure 3. Gene Arrangement and Regulatory Functions of CRISPR RNAs.
CRISPR arrays are comprised of DNA repeats (black triangles) separated by unique spacers (red hatched boxes). CAS genes (blue) which encode proteins that function in CRISPR RNA processing and/or DNA silencing are located nearby. The CRISPR arrays are initially transcribed as a long RNA, which is subsequently processed by the Cascade complex (blue circles and ovals) to individual repeat-spacer units, called crRNAs. These crRNAs target foreign DNA through an unknown mechanism likely involving other CAS proteins and the degradation of the exogenous DNA.