A, Error signaling ROI in left ventral striatum, identified from the conjunction of Rc and −Ru across subjects [p < 0.001, uncorrected (unc)]. B, In left striatum (A, circles), the neural effect size for −Ru was positively correlated, across subjects, with the weight for the unchosen reward, κ, estimated from choice behavior (p = 0.018, Bonferroni corrected; r = 0.57).