Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of subjects. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD.
| Age (y/o) | 64.5 ± 12.2 |
| BMI | 25.2 ± 4.4 |
| Duration of diabetes mellitus (year) | 18.1 ± 11.1 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 9.7 ± 3.0 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.8 ± 1.6 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.76 ± 0.78 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.34 ± 0.35 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.85 ± 2.05 |
| Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 54.5 ± 26.8 |
| Albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g Cr) | 852.7 ± 1426 |
| hs CRP (mg/dL) | 0.14 ± 0.40 |
| White blood cell count (mm3) | 7064 ± 1954 |
| Red blood cell count (×104/mm3) | 438 ± 64.8 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 140 ± 19 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 40.3 ± 5.3 |
| Mean corpuscular volume (fl) | 92.2 ± 4.2 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL) | 27.5 ± 12.1 |
| Vitamin D binding protein (μg/mL) | 316 ± 38.4 |
| Diabetic nephropathy (none/microalbuminuria/ macroalbuminuria/renal failure) |
18/35/29/24 |
| Diabetic retinopathy (none/background/more advanced stage or prior photocoagulation) | 43/44/19 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (none/positive) | 70/36 |
| Percentage of smoker (%) | 29.2 |