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. 2011 Jul;66B(Suppl 1):i102–i110. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbq071

Table 3.

Association between cumulative deprivation (CD; 0–9) and change over time in log of errors on the 3MSE from two sequential mixed linear models by generations in Mexico

Model 1
Model 2
Covariates β Lower Confidence Limit Upper Confidence Limit p value β Lower Confidence Limit Upper Confidence Limit p value
Intercept 1.56 1.40 1.72 .000 −0.765 −1.107 −0.422 .000
Cumulative deprivation 0.15 0.12 0.17 .0000 0.136 0.110 0.162 .000
Generations born in Mexico
    All USA 0 (all) −0.35 −0.79 0.09 .117 −0.25 −0.68 0.19 .254
    Mexican 1: (GP) −0.74 −1.18 −0.29 .001 −0.62 −1.04 −0.20 .004
    Mexican 2: (GP + P) −0.45 −0.66 −0.24 .000 −0.30 −0.53 −0.06 .014
Mexican 3: (ref)
Time periods
    Period 1 (to Visit 2) −0.17 −0.21 −0.13 .000 −0.16 −0.20 −0.13 .000
    Period 2 (after Visit 2) 0.06 0.04 0.09 .0000 0.02 −0.003 0.05 .08
Generations × Deprivation
    All USA 0 (all) × CD 0.04 −0.04 0.11 .34 0.016 −0.06 0.09 .662
    Mexican 1: (GP) × CD 0.07 −0.01 0.15 .07 0.07 −0.005 0.14 .068
    Mexican 2: (GP + P) × CD 0.03 −0.01 0.06 .111 0.004 −0.04 0.04 .819
Demographic factors
    Age at visit 0.03 0.03 0.033 .000
    Gender (males/females) −0.03 −0.08 0.023 .275
    Health insurance 0.19 0.11 0.28 .000
Health-related factors
    Diabetes (yes/ no) 0.16 0.11 0.21 .000
    Stroke (yes/ no) 0.16 0.07 0.26 .001
    Hypertension (yes/ no) −0.005 −0.07 0.06 .869

Note: GP = grandparents; P = parents; 3MSE = modified Mini-Mental State Exam. Model 1 includes CD, generations, and Time Period × CD (not shown).