TABLE 1.
COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL USE, INDICATIONS AND OUTCOMES AMONG CRITICALLY ILL HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
| Study | Years of Study | Number of Patients | Mean/Median Age in Years(± SD/IQR) | ART Prescribed Before ICU (%) | Non-AIDS Admissions (%) | ICU/Hospital Survival Among Those Not on ART (%) | ICU/Hospital Survival Among Those on ART (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Casalino (7) | 1997–1999 | 230 | 389 ± 9 | 28 | 63 | 73* | 80* (NS) |
| Morris (6) | 1996–1999 | 295 | 42 (23–67) | 25 | 63 | 69 | 80 (P = 0.04) |
| Morris (35)† | 1996–2001 | 58 | 37–42 (24–61) | 21 | 0 | 37 | 75 (P = 0.03) |
| Vargas-Infante (39) | 1996–2006 | 53 | 38 ± 10 | 28 | 23 | 22‡ | 57‡ (P = 0.003) |
| Khouli (12) | 1997–1999 | 259 | 43 (24–82) | 48 | 40 | 49 | 51 (NS) |
| Nuesch (72) | 1997–1999 | 170 | N/A | 43 | 52 | 87§ | 94§ (P < 0.001) |
| Palacios (13) | 1997–2003 | 49 | 40 (33–48) | 31 | 39 | 33‖ | 43‖ (NS; P = 0.37) |
| Vincent (4) | 1998–2000 | 236 | 40 ± 9 | 50 | 50 | 77¶ | 75¶ (NS; P = 0.71) |
| Narasimhan (5) | 2001 | 53 | 42 | 52 | 67 | 49** | 71** (P < 0.01) |
| Dickson (19) | 1999–2005 | 102 | 39 (32–44) | 37 | 33 | 66 | 67 (NS) |
| Powell (14) | 2000–2004 | 311 | 44 (24–72) | 33 | 79 | 70 | 67 (P = 0.70) |
| Barbier (20)†† | 1996–2006 | 147 | 43 (37–51) | 29 | 50 | 85 | 70 (P = 0.07) |
| Mendez-Tellez (43)‡‡ | 2004–2007 | 66 | 43 (38–49) | 38 | N/A | 54 | 60 |
Definition of abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HR, hazard ratio; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; N/A, not applicable; NS, nonsignificant; SD, standard deviation.
Data from studies cited in the table are restricted to the populations enrolled during the combination ART era (1996 onward) with exceptions as noted.
ICU survival by pre-combination ART vs. combination ART era
Study investigated all HIV-infected patients admitted to the ICU with PCP and compared patients on combination ART prior to or during ICU admission compared with patients who received no combination ART.
Comparison made by precombination ART vs. combination ART era: 1986–1996 vs. 1996–2006
Comparison made by precombination ART vs. combination ART era: 1994–1996 vs. 1997–1999, respectively.
Comparison made by precombination ART vs. combination ART era: 1990–1996 vs. 1997–2003, respectively.
Comparison made by precombination ART vs. combination ART era: 1995–1996 vs. 1998–2000, respectively.
Comparison made by precombination ART vs. combination ART era: 1991–1992 vs. 2000, respectively.
Study investigated all HIV-infected patients admitted to the ICU with respiratory failure.
Study investigated all patients admitted to the ICU with acute lung injury and compared patients by HIV status.