Table 1.

Known regulators of chaperone/usher fimbrial systems

Mechanism of regulation	Fimbria type	Known regulator(s)	Reference(s)
Invertible DNA elements	E. coli CS18	FotST	37
	E. coli Fim	FimBE, IcsR, Lrp, IHF	1, 2, 10, 26, 31, 93
		H-NS
	K. pneumoniae Fim	FimK	74
	K. pneumoniae Kpc	KpcI	91
	P. mirabilis Mrp	MrpI	51, 54, 96
DNA methylation	E. coli Pap	PapI, Lrp	34, 69, 70
	E. coli K88	FaeA, Lrp	38, 39
	E. coli K99	Mbf	18
	E. coli Sfa	SfaX	77, 78, 88
	S. Typhimurium Pef	PefI	9, 66
	S. Typhimurium Std	SeqA, HdfR, RosE	7, 23, 45
Cyclic di-GMP	K. pneumoniae Mrk	MrkJ	46
	P. aeruginosa CupA	PA1120, MorA, PvrR, MvaT	60, 86
	P. aeruginosa CupB	RocS1, RocA1, RocR, MvaT	50, 86
	P. aeruginosa CupC	RocS1, RocA1, RocR, MvaT	50, 86
	P. aeruginosa CupD	PvrR, RcsB, RcsC	61, 65
Additional DNA binding regulatorsa	Bordetella pertussis Fha	BvgAS	15–17
	E. coli 987P	FasH	28, 37
	E. coli CFA/I	Rns	21
	E. coli CS1	Rns, H-NS	20, 62, 63
	E. coli CS2	Rns	20, 62
	E. coli CS17	Rns	13
	E. coli CS19	Rns	13
	E. coli PCO71	Rns	13
	E. coli F1C	FocB	40, 57
	E. coli Lpf	Ler, H-NS	83
	S. Typhimurium Fim	FimZYW	75, 81, 95

^aFimbrial gene regulators not associated with mediating DNA inversion, requiring DNA methylation for binding, or involved in cyclic di-GMP metabolism.