Fig. 3.

Identification of regulator of vvhA. (A) The restriction map of pVR11.2 series. The three ORFs VV0681, VV0682, and VV0683 (hlyU), identified in the insert of pVR11.2-L24, are indicated with black arrows. Plasmids pVR11.2-L241, pVR11.2-L242, pVR11.2-L243, and pVR11.2-L244 are the derivatives of pVR11.2-L24 that contain various parts of the insert as indicated. (B) The levels of β-galactosidase encoded from lacZ driven by the promoter of the vvhBA operon in E. coli DH5α containing various pVR11.2 derivatives. The bacteria were grown in LB at 37°C for 2 h, and the β-galactosidase activity in the culture supernatant was determined. pBR322, vector; pVR11.3-L244, pVR11.2-L244 deleted of smcR. Bars represent means ± standard deviations; n = 3. Those showing no significant difference are labeled with the same letters, and those showing significant difference (P < 0.05) are labeled with different letters based on one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD test.