Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 11.
Published in final edited form as: Partner Abuse. 2010;1(4):379–398. doi: 10.1891/1946-6560.1.4.379

Figure 3. Means for male partners’ physical violence perpetration over time by IPV pattern.

Figure 3

Note. NV = nonviolent; FPP = female primary perpetrator; SYM = symmetrical; MPP = male primary perpetrator; UF = unidirectional-female perpetrator; UM = unidirectional-male perpetrator. IPV was not assessed at Wave 4.