Table 1.
Patient Characteristics and Mean Daily Steps According to Characteristic (N = 239)
| Characteristic | % | Daily Steps, Mean (Interquartile Range) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | .05 | ||
| <75 | 44.8 | 926.3 (106–1,124) | |
| ≥75 | 55.2 | 589.8 (56–954) | |
| Sex | .81 | ||
| Female | 55.1 | 771.9 (99–954) | |
| Male | 44.9 | 714.3 (74–1,057) | |
| Race | .73 | ||
| White | 62.8 | 786.0 (89–1,074) | |
| Nonwhite | 37.2 | 665.5 (89–970) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | .39 | ||
| ≤29 | 72.6 | 698.5 (80–1,007) | |
| ≥30 | 27.4 | 848.4 (98–1,306) | |
| Mobility before admission | <.01 | ||
| Independent | 57.4 | 1,023.1 (235–1,356) | |
| Cane or walker | 32.5 | 417.0 (56–508) | |
| Dependent* | 10.1 | 305.9 (10–469) | |
| History of falls | <.01 | ||
| Yes | 20.9 | 525.4 (16–660) | |
| No | 79.1 | 798.4 (133–1,059) | |
| Restricted by tubing† | .99 | ||
| Yes | 28.6 | 771.8 (81–1,019) | |
| No | 71.4 | 726.3 (94–1,007) | |
| Physician activity orders‡ | .05 | ||
| As tolerated | 61.4 | 881.5 (99–1,085) | |
| Ambulate with assistance | 10.4 | 655.2 (160–1,101) | |
| Bed rest | 28.2 | 466.0 (44–813) | |
| Physical therapy consultation§ | <.01 | ||
| Yes | 43.8 | 503.6 (49–676) | |
| No | 56.2 | 924.3 (137–1,269) | |
| Confusion or delirium | .02 | ||
| Yes | 15.4 | 469.9 (14–698) | |
| No | 84.6 | 791.7 (98–1,049) | |
| Prior limitations in activities of daily living | <.01 | ||
| Yes | 35.3 | 434.4 (21–674) | |
| No | 64.7 | 886.2 (140–1,124) | |
| Reason for admission | .24 | ||
| Cardiopulmonary | 34.5 | 836.3 (98–1,078) | |
| Infectious | 23.7 | 603.8 (56–977) | |
| Gastrointestinal | 15.5 | 830.9 (150–1,162) | |
| Neurological | 5.6 | 516.7 (2–839) | |
| Other | 20.7 | 722.6 (97–958) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | .65 | ||
| ≤3 | 75.5 | 650.2 (23–1,020) | |
| ≥4 | 24.5 | 628.0 (18–976) | |
| Illness severity|| | .16 | ||
| 1 or 2 | 58.9 | 857.1 (89–1,092) | |
| 3 or 4 | 41.1 | 571.2 (80–918) | |
| Length of stay, days | .03 | ||
| 3–4 | 56.5 | 882.9 (98–1,110) | |
| 5–6 | 23.8 | 689.6 (66–1,011) | |
| ≥7 | 19.7 | 359.8 (73–614) |
*
Requiring significant help from another.
†
Mobility restricted by tubing or monitoring equipment during the nurse’s admission assessment.
‡
Activity orders at hospital admission only.
§
Physical therapy consulted any time during patient’s stay.
||
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services All Patient Refined Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) severity of illness classification: a modification of the traditional DRG that adds four classes of illness severity: 1 = minor, 2 = moderate, 3 = major, and 4 = extreme.