Table 3.

WPAI Items and Related Measures

Item or Measure (No. of Patients Responding)	Mean (SD)
During the past 7 days, how many hours did you miss from work because of your health problems? (740)	3.1 (8.0)
During the past 7 days, how many hours did you actually work? (740)	33.8 (15.5)
During the past 7 days, how much did your health problems affect your productivity while you were working?a (721)	3.5 (2.6)
Thinking of your regular job, how many days in the past 7 days were you limited in the amount of work you could do, accomplished less than you would like, or days you could not do your work as carefully as usual? (737)	2.2 (2.3)
Percent of work time missed due to health (absenteeism) (740)	8.2 (20.5)
Percent impairment at work due to health (presenteeism) (720)	35.2 (26.4)
Percent of work missed or work time impaired due to health (absenteeism or presenteeism) (719)	37.8 (27.5)
Hours of impairment at work due to health (720)	12.1 (11.0)
Hours of work missed or work impaired (productivity loss) due to health (719)	14.2 (12.6)

WPAI = Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire.

^a On a 10-point scale, where higher values indicate greater effect.