Table 4.
Waist circumference (WC) gain from repeated measures linear regression models for time-dependent follow-up pregnancy and birth groups stratified by race and baseline groups
| Black women: WC gain (cm); mean (95% CI) time-dependent follow-up pregnancy and birth groups |
White women: WC gain (cm); mean (95% CI) time-dependent follow-up pregnancy and birth groups |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline groups: | P0: no pregnancies (referent group) | P1: one or more short pregnancies | B1: one birth | B2: two or more births | P0: no pregnancies (referent group) | P1: one or more short pregnancies | B1: one birth | B2: two or more births |
| Overweight Nulliparous, n | 104 | 29 | 51 | 37 | 91 | 19 | 33 | 21 |
| Minimally adjusted | 6.9 (5.6, 8.2) | 9.3** (7.4, 11.2) | 10.6*** (9.1, 12.2) | 11.6*** (9.6, 13.6) | 2.5 (1.3, 3.7) | 7.1*** (5.2, 9.0) | 8.8*** (7.2, 10.3) | 9.2*** (7.2, 11.2) |
| Fully adjusted | 6.8 (5.6, 8.1) | 9.7** (7.8, 11.7) | 10.6*** (9.0, 12.1) | 11.1*** (9.1, 13.1) | 2.4 (1.2, 3.5) | 7.1*** (5.2, 9.0) | 8.0*** (6.5, 9.5) | 8.6*** (6.6, 10.6) |
| Fully adjusted+weight gain | 6.2 (5.6, 6.9) | 7.1 (6.0, 8.2) | 8.3*** (7.4, 9.1) | 7.3 (6.2, 8.4) | 2.7 (2.1, 3.3) | 3.1 (2.1, 4.0) | 4.5*** (3.7, 5.3) | 4.2** (3.1, 5.2) |
| Normal weight Nulliparous, n | 141 | 40 | 96 | 51 | 325 | 77 | 137 | 131 |
| Minimally adjusted | 4.7 (3.8, 5.7) | 4.3 (2.8, 5.9) | 7.9*** (6.7, 9.0) | 8.1*** (6.4, 9.8) | 2.6 (2.2, 3.1) | 2.7 (1.8, 3.6) | 5.6*** (4.9, 6.3) | 4.9*** (4.0, 5.7) |
| Fully adjusted | 4.7 (3.7, 5.7) | 4.6 (3.0, 6.2) | 7.7*** (6.6, 8.9) | 8.3*** (6.5, 10.0) | 2.7 (2.2, 3.2) | 3.1 (2.0, 4.2) | 5.3*** (4.6, 6.0) | 4.6*** (3.8, 5.5) |
| Fully adjusted + weight gain | 5.8 (5.3, 6.2) | 6.0 (5.1, 6.9) | 7.6*** (7.0, 8.2) | 8.0*** (7.0, 9.0) | 3.0 (2.8, 3.2) | 3.0 (2.5, 3.6) | 4.9*** (4.5, 5.2) | 5.2*** (4.7, 5.6) |
| Overweight parous, n | 123 | 25 | 66 | 26 | 40 | 8 | 12 | 1 |
| Minimally adjusted | 6.4 (5.2, 7.6) | 4.8 (2.6, 7.0) | 7.5 (6.0, 9.0) | 10.8*** (8.3, 13.3) | 3.8 (1.5, 6.1) | 5.0 (1.1, 8.8) | 7.7* (3.8. 11.6) | NR |
| Fully adjusted | 6.1 (4.9, 7.3) | 4.7 (2.4, 7.0) | 7.7* (6.2, 9.2) | 10.3** (7.8, 12.8) | 4.6 (2.3, 7.0) | 3.9 (−0.2, 8.0) | 7.9 (3.8, 12.0) | NR |
| Fully adjusted+weight gain | 5.9 (5.1, 6.6) | 5.3 (4.0, 6.7) | 6.7* (5.8, 7.6) | 8.3** (6.8, 9.8) | 3.0 (1.6, 4.3) | 4.2 (1.7, 6.6) | 5.7* (3.3, 8.1) | NR |
| Normal weight Parous n | 110 | 33 | 88 | 33 | 42 | 18 | 42 | 20 |
| Minimally adjusted | 4.9 (3.7, 6.0) | 4.6 (2.8, 6.4) | 7.2*** (5.9, 8.5) | 7.4* (5.4, 9.5) | 4.4 (2.8, 6.0) | 2.3 (0.1, 4.6) | 4.3 (2.5, 6.0) | 3.9 (1.3, 6.5) |
| Fully adjusted | 4.8 (3.7, 5.9) | 4.1 (2.3, 6.0) | 7.0*** (5.7, 8.3) | 7.3* (5.2, 9.4) | 4.5 (2.9, 6.1) | 1.4* (−1.2, 4.0) | 3.8 (2.0, 5.7) | 2.8 (0.1, 5.5) |
| Fully adjusted+weight gain | 5.4 (4.7, 6.1) | 6.2 (5.1, 7.3) | 6.6** (5.8, 7.4) | 7.3** (6.0, 8.5) | 4.5 (3.6, 5.5) | 3.7 (2.1, 5.3) | 4.9 (3.8, 6.0) | 5.1 (3.5, 6.7) |
Pairwise comparisons to referent group (P0): P<0.05;
P<0.01;
P<0.001. n=number of subjects within groups at the end of follow-up.
Minimally adjusted models include height, weight, age, center, and time. Fully adjusted models include relevant baseline characteristics (height, weight, percent of kcal from protein, OC use, gravidity, education level, smoking status, and physical activity score) and time-dependent follow-up characteristics (number of short pregnancies, smoking status, duration of OC use, age, education, and change in physical activity), center, and time. Fully adjusted+weight gain models include time-dependent weight change during follow-up.