Table II.

TAM Receptor Expression in Human Cancers

Cancer	Axl	Mer	Tyro-3	References
Myeloid leukemias (AML, CML)	+		+	Challier et al. (1996), Crosier et al. (1995), Liu et al. (1988), Neubauer et al. (1994), Rochlitz et al. (1999)a
Lymphoid leukemias (ALL)		Ect		Graham et al. (1994), Graham et al. (2006), Yeoh et al., (2002)
Erythroid leukemia	+			Challier et al. (1996)
Megakaryocytic leukemia	+			Challier et al. (1996)
Mantle cell lymphoma		+		Ek et al. (2002)
Multiple Myeloma			+	De Vos et al. (2001)
Uterine endometrial cancer	+			Sun et al. (2003)
Gastric cancer	+	+		Lin et al. (1999), Wu et al. (2002)b
Colon cancer	+			Craven et al. (1995)
Prostate cancer	+	+		Jacob et al. (1999), Mahajan et al. (2005), Sainaghi et al. (2005), Wu et al. (2004)
Thyroid cancer	+			Ito et al. (1999, 2002), Tanaka et al. (1998)
Lung cancer	+			Shieh et al. (2005),c Wimmel et al. (2001)
Breast cancer	+	+		Berclaz et al. (2001), Meric et al. (2002), Zantek et al. (2001), Tavazoie et al., (2008)
Ovarian cancer	+			Macleod et al. (2005), Sun et al. (2004)
Liver cancer	+			Tsou et al. (1998)
Renal cell carcinoma	+			Chung et al. (2003)
Astrocytoma/Glioblastoma	+			Vajkoczy et al. (2006)
Pituitary adenoma		+		Evans et al. (2001)
Melanoma	+	+		Gyorffy and Lage (2007), Quong et al. (1994), van Ginkel et al. (2004)
Osteosarcoma	+			Nakano et al. (2003)
Rhabdomyosarcoma		+		Khan et al. (1999)

^aOverexpression of Axl correlated with poor prognosis.

^bCoexpression of Axl and Mer correlated inversely with patient prognosis.

^cOverexpression of Axl correlated with metastatic cancer and poor prognosis.

Over- (+) or ectopic expression (Ect) of TAM receptors has been reported in numerous human cancers.