Table 3.
Crude and adjusted OR of birth outcomes for births to residents of northern versus southern Quebec, by maternal mother tongue, Quebec, 1991–2000
| Within northern Quebec† |
All Quebec‡ |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North First Nation | North Inuit | South First Nations | North First Nations | North Inuit | North non-Indigenous | |
| Crude OR (95% CI) | ||||||
| Births | ||||||
| Preterm | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93)* | 1.43 (1.21 to 1.69)* | 1.01 (0.87 to 1.11) | 0.82 (0.70 to 0.97)* | 1.52 (1.34 to 1.74)* | 1.07 (0.96 to 1.19) |
| SGA | 0.24 (0.19 to 0.32)* | 0.52 (0.43 to 0.64)* | 0.40 (0.33 to 0.48)* | 0.23 (0.18 to 0.29)* | 0.48 (0.41 to 0.58)* | 0.92 (0.84 to 1.01) |
| LBW | 0.41 (0.32 to 0.53)* | 0.90 (0.73 to 1.10) | 0.59 (0.48 to 0.72)* | 0.44 (0.35 to 0.56)* | 0.96 (0.81 to 1.14) | 1.07 (0.95 to 1.20) |
| HBW | 2.57 (2.30 to 2.88)* | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.95)* | 2.74 (2.50 to 3.00)* | 4.03 (3.71 to 4.38)* | 1.29 (1.14 to 1.45)* | 1.57 (1.45 to 1.70)* |
| LGA | 2.79 (2.48 to 3.13)* | 1.07 (0.93 to 1.23) | 3.36 (3.07 to 3.68)* | 4.91 (4.52 to 5.34)* | 1.89 (1.69 to 2.12)* | 1.76 (1.63 to 1.91)* |
| Deaths | ||||||
| Perinatal | 0.96 (0.59 to 1.55) | 1.30 (0.83 to 2.05) | 1.70 (1.17 to 2.47)* | 1.48 (0.99 to 2.20) | 2.02 (1.42 to 2.88)* | 1.55 (1.17 to 2.05)* |
| Stillbirth | 1.30 (0.70 to 2.42) | 1.17 (0.61 to 2.26) | 2.19 (1.41 to 3.40)* | 1.82 (1.13 to 2.93)* | 1.64 (0.97 to 2.78) | 1.40 (0.94 to 2.07) |
| Neonatal | 0.61 (0.28 to 1.36) | 1.43 (0.77 to 2.65) | 1.09 (0.54 to 2.18) | 1.07 (0.53 to 2.14) | 2.49 (1.54 to 4.02)* | 1.74 (1.17 to 2.58)* |
| Postneonatal | 1.82 (0.95 to 3.47) | 3.24 (1.81 to 5.78)* | 2.97 (1.64 to 5.38)* | 4.76 (2.99 to 7.60)* | 8.48 (5.86 to 12.3)* | 2.62 (1.66 to 4.13)* |
| Infant | 1.13 (0.70 to 1.85) | 2.22 (1.46 to 3.36)* | 1.72 (1.10 to 2.71)* | 2.31 (1.57 to 3.41)* | 4.52 (3.37 to 6.06)* | 2.04 (1.51 to 2.75)* |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)§ | ||||||
| Births | ||||||
| Preterm | 0.72 (0.58 to 0.91)* | 1.35 (1.09 to 1.68)* | 0.86 (0.74 to 1.01) | 0.69 (0.59 to 0.82)* | 1.21 (1.02 to 1.42)* | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.18) |
| SGA | 0.28 (0.21 to 0.36)* | 0.59 (0.47 to 0.76)* | 0.33 (0.27 to 0.39)* | 0.19 (0.15 to 0.24)* | 0.39 (0.32 to 0.48)* | 0.91 (0.83 to 0.99)* |
| LBW | 0.43 (0.32 to 0.58)* | 0.92 (0.70 to 1.21) | 0.46 (0.38 to 0.57)* | 0.36 (0.28 to 0.45)* | 0.72 (0.58 to 0.88)* | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.19) |
| HBW | 2.33 (2.05 to 2.65)* | 0.79 (0.66 to 0.93)* | 3.40 (3.09 to 3.73)* | 4.76 (4.36 to 5.19)* | 1.55 (1.35 to 1.78)* | 1.49 (1.38 to 1.60)* |
| LGA | 2.29 (2.01 to 2.61)* | 0.94 (0.79 to 1.11) | 3.82 (3.47 to 4.19)* | 5.34 (4.89 to 5.82)* | 2.09 (1.83 to 2.39) | 1.66 (1.54 to 1.79) |
| Deaths | ||||||
| Perinatal | 0.67 (0.37 to 1.19) | 0.70 (0.38 to 1.31) | 1.55 (1.04 to 2.30)* | 1.19 (0.75 to 1.87) | 1.29 (0.79 to 2.12) | 1.29 (0.84 to 1.90) |
| Stillbirth | 0.87 (0.40 to 1.91) | 0.60 (0.23 to 1.60) | 2.09 (1.29 to 3.39)* | 1.35 (0.75 to 2.46) | 0.93 (0.42 to 2.08) | 1.11 (0.83 to 1.62) |
| Neonatal | 0.54 (0.23 to 1.27) | 0.90 (0.40 to 2.02) | 1.00 (0.50 to 2.00) | 1.02 (0.51 to 2.04) | 1.70 (0.91 to 3.18) | 1.50 (0.91 to 2.72) |
| Postneonatal | 1.31 (0.62 to 2.75) | 2.45 (1.20 to 5.00)* | 1.44 (0.74 to 2.79) | 2.62 (1.59 to 4.33)* | 4.41 (2.81 to 6.94)* | 2.18 (1.43 to 3.33)* |
| Infant | 0.88 (0.51 to 1.53) | 1.56 (1.03 to 2.62)* | 1.13 (0.70 to 1.83) | 1.72 (1.15 to 2.59)* | 2.90 (2.01 to 4.18)* | 1.79 (1.35 to 2.37)* |
p<0.05.
Births to northern non-Indigenous mother tongue women served as the reference group, within northern Quebec.
Births to southern non-Indigenous mother tongue women served as the reference group, all Quebec.
The adjusted OR were controlled for infant sex, plurality (singleton, multiple), parity (primiparous, multiparous), maternal age (<20, 20–29, 30–34, ≥35 years), education (<11, 11, ≥12 years) and marital status (single, common-law union, married), and further controlled for rural versus urban residence for the comparisons of First Nations versus non-Indigenous groups in the south.
HBW, high birth weight (>4000 g); LBW, low birth weight (<2500 g); LGA, large-for-gestational-age (>90th percentile); SGA, small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile).