Table 4.

 Number (%) of participants and relative risk (95% confidence interval) for at least 3 units improvement in pain or disability score or at least 30% improvement in pain or disability score from baseline to each time point. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise

Improvement in outcomes from baseline	Vertebroplasty group	Placebo group	Relative risk* (95% CI)
Pain
2 weeks/1 week:
<3 units	59 (57.8)	56 (56.6)	1.0 (0.6 to 1.5)
≥3 units	43 (42.2)	43 (43.4)
1 month:
<3 units	47 (46.1)	56 (56.6)	1.3 (0.8 to 1.9)
≥3 units	55 (53.9)	43 (43.4)
Roland-Morris disability questionnaire†
2 weeks/1 week:
<3 units	53 (56.4)	41 (46.6)	0.9 (0.6 to 1.3)
≥3 units	41 (43.6)	47 (53.4)
1 month:
<3 units	45 (47.9)	43 (48.3)	1.0 (0.7 to 1.5)
≥3 units	49 (52.1)	46 (51.7)
Pain
2 weeks/1 week:
<30%	52 (51.0)	52 (52.5)	1.0 (0.7 to 1.5)
≥30%	50 (49.0)	47 (47.5)
1 month:
<30%	41 (40.0)	54 (54.6)	1.3 (1.0 to 1.8)
≥30%	61 (59.8)	45 (45.5)
Roland-Morris disability questionnaire†
2 weeks/1 week:
<30%	63 (61.8)	55 (55.6)	0.9 (0.6 to 1.2)
≥30%	39 (38.2)	44 (44.4)
1 month:
<30%	61 (59.8)	59 (59.0)	1.0 (0.7 to 1.4)
≥30%	41 (40.2)	41 (41.0)

*Relative risk >1 indicates that participants in vertebroplasty group were more likely to experience greater change in outcome.

†Modified, 23 item questionnaire.