TABLE 1.
National Estimates of Sleeplessness-Related Complaints, Diagnoses, and Prescriptions for Benzodiazepine and Nonbenzodiazepine Sedative Hypnotics as a Result of Physician Office Visits: United States, 1993–2007
| Year | Total Visits (Total Weighted Estimates), in Millions | Sleeplessness Complaints, Estimated No. (95% CI), in Millions | Insomnia Diagnoses, Estimated No. (95% CI), in Millions | BDZ Prescriptions, Estimated No. (95% CI), in Millions | NBSH Prescriptions, Estimated No. (95% CI), in Millions |
| 1993 | 35 978 (717.2) | 2.7 (1.9, 3.5) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.3) | 2.5 (1.7, 3.4) | —a |
| 1994 | 33 598 (681.5) | 2.9 (1.9, 3.9) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) | 2.0 (1.4, 2.6) | 0.54 (0.3, 0.8) |
| 1995 | 36 875 (697.1) | 2.8 (2.0, 3.7) | 1.4 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.4) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) |
| 1996 | 29 805 (734.5) | 3.2 (2.4, 4.0) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.2) | 1.9 (0.8, 3.0) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.3) |
| 1997 | 24 715 (787.4) | 3.8 (2.7, 4.8) | 2.3 (1.2, 3.4) | 1.8 (1.2, 2.3) | 2.1 (1.4, 2.7) |
| 1998 | 23 339 (829.3) | 3.7 (2.6, 4.8) | 2.8 (1.5, 4.1) | 2.2 (1.4, 3.0) | 2.1 (1.4, 2.9) |
| 1999 | 20 760 (756.7) | 5.0 (3.2, 6.8) | 2.3 (1.6, 3.1) | 2.3 (1.4, 3.2) | 2.4 (1.7, 3.2) |
| 2000 | 27 369 (823.5) | 5.1 (3.8, 6.4) | 3.1 (2.0, 4.1) | 2.2 (1.1, 3.2) | 3.3 (2.2, 4.5) |
| 2001 | 24 281 (880.5) | 4.5 (3.1, 5.8) | 2.7 (1.8, 3.7) | 3.0 (2.0, 4.1) | 4.8 (3.5, 6.1) |
| 2002 | 28 738 (890.0) | 4.4 (3.2, 5.6) | 3.1 (2.0, 4.3) | 1.9 (1.2, 2.6) | 4.4 (3.3, 5.4) |
| 2003 | 25 288 (906.0) | 5.0 (3.7, 6.4) | 3.6 (2.4, 4.7) | 2.4 (1.5, 3.4) | 6.3 (5.0, 7.6) |
| 2004 | 25 286 (910.9) | 5.0 (3.7, 6.4) | 3.2 (1.9, 4.5) | 3.0 (2.1, 4.0) | 8.4 (6.3, 10.6) |
| 2005 | 25 665 (963.6) | 5.9 (4.4, 7.5) | 4.2 (2.8, 5.5) | 3.4 (2.2, 4.6) | 12.3 (9.9, 14.7) |
| 2006 | 29 392 (902.0) | 4.4 (3.3, 5.5) | 5.2 (3.7, 6.6) | 3.5 (2.5, 4.5) | 12.6 (10.5, 14.8) |
| 2007 | 32 778 (994.3) | 5.7 (4.4, 7.1) | 6.1 (4.8, 7.5) | 3.7 (2.6, 4.8) | 16.2 (13.7, 18.6) |
| Model statisticsb | |||||
| Slope, b | 203 712 | 301 178 | 113 624 | 1 029 827 | |
| Correlation, r | 0.87 | 0.94 | 0.77 | 0.93 | |
Note. BDZ = benzodiazepine; NBSH = nonbenzodiazepine sedative hypnotic.
a
NBSHs were not separately coded in the survey until 1994.
b
For model statistics, b is the slope from bivariate regression of variable on year; r is the temporal correlation of variable with year.