Table IV.
Penetration Data of Ferulic Acid Free (FA) or Complexed with α-Cyclodextrin (CD/FA; μg/mg of Skin) from Different Cosmetic Vehicles: O/W Emulsion and Two Gel-Type Formulations at Different pH (6.0 and 7.4)
| Skin depth (μm) | FAskin (μg/mg ± ES) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O/W-FA | O/W-CD/FA | Gel A-FA | Gel A-CD/FA | Gel B-FA | Gel B-CD/FA | |
| 15 | 4.87 ± 1.04 | 5.03 ± 1.21 | 30.15 ± 6.20 | 5.30 ± 2.01 | 21.99 ± 1.06 | 5.81 ± 1.30 |
| 35 | 3.85 ± 0.94 | 4.44 ± 1.87 | 21.01 ± 4.83 | 4.43 ± 2.30 | 5.82 ± 1.31 | 4.33 ± 1.83 |
| 60 | 3.30 ± 0.91 | 2.43 ± 0.96 | 9.24 ± 2.33 | 6.95 ± 4.21 | 5.39 ± 1.21 | 4.93 ± 2.03 |
| 100 | 3.28 ± 0.63 | 2.37 ± 0.69 | 11.41 ± 0.70 | 2.88 ± 1.65 | 6.19 ± 2.13 | 5.48 ± 2.83 |
| 150 | 2.75 ± 0.35 | 1.59 ± 0.33 | 10.60 ± 2.00 | 0.77 ± 0.08 | 4.35 ± 0.44 | 3.90 ± 1.94 |
| 200 | 2.29 ± 0.34 | 0.66 ± 0.20 | 7.55 ± 0.63 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 2.75 ± 0.52 | 1.15 ± 0.21 |
| 300 | 1.59 ± 0.25 | 0.56 ± 0.10 | 4.72 ± 0.39 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 4.56 ± 1.03 | 1.05 ± 0.64 |
| 400 | 1.05 ± 0.20 | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 4.41 ± 0.52 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 2.06 ± 0.51 | 1.18 ± 0.70 |
| 500 | 0.55 ± 0.11 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 1.96 ± 0.29 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 1.14 ± 0.51 | 0.15 ± 0.06 |