Table 1.
Clinical Findings of Individuals with 3-M Syndrome
3-M ID |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3M-1a | 3M-1b | 3M-2 | 3M-3 | 3M-4 | 3M-5 | |
Clinical Features | ||||||
Gender | M | M | F | F | M | M |
Birth weight (g) | 2200 | 2500 | 2400 | 2100 | 900 | 2150 |
Birth weight SD | −3 | −2.2 | −2.6 | −3.1 | −6.3 | −3.1 |
Age at initial presentation (yrs) | 2.8 | 0.4 | 4 | 0.65 | 4.4 | 0.75 |
Height SD at presentation | −3 | −3.5 | −3.3 | −6.7 | −4.8 | −3.4 |
Weight SDat presentation | −3.9 | −4.1 | −4.3 | −3.7 | −5.2 | −3 |
OFC SD at presentation | 0 | −0.9 | NA | −3.2 | NA | NA |
Radiological Features | ||||||
Tall vertebral bodies | − | − | − | + | − | + |
Slender long bones | − | − | − | + | − | + |
Facial Features | ||||||
Fleshy tipped nose | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Anteverted nares | + | + | − | − | − | + |
Full fleshy lips | − | − | + | + | − | − |
Triangular face | + | − | + | + | − | + |
Dolicocephaly | − | − | + | − | − | + |
Frontal bossing | + | − | + | + | + | + |
Midface hypoplasia | + | − | + | − | + | − |
Long philtrum | − | − | − | − | + | − |
Pointed chin | + | + | + | − | − | + |
Prominent ears | + | − | − | − | + | + |
Other Clinical Features | ||||||
Short neck | + | + | − | − | + | − |
Winged scapulae | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Square shoulders | + | + | − | − | − | + |
Short thorax | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Transverse chest groove | + | + | − | − | − | − |
Pectus deformity | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Hyperlordosis | − | − | + | − | − | + |
Scoliosis | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Hypermobility of joints | − | − | + | − | − | − |
Fifth-finger clinodactyly | − | − | − | − | − | + |
Prominent heels | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Spina bifida occulta | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Developmental dysplasia hip | + | − | − | + | − | − |
NA, not available; OFC, occipitofrontal circumference; SD, standard deviation. Auxology, radiological features, and clinical phenotype of six 3-M syndrome persons with CCDC8 mutations. List of clinical features from Hanson et al.7