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. 2010 Dec;8(Suppl 1):S-15–S-21. doi: 10.1089/met.2010.0095

Table 6.

Salient Features of Drugs for T2DM

Drug HbA1c reduction Hypoglycemia Weight change Dosing/day Contraindications/caveat
Metformin ∼1–2% No Neutral 2 Renal disease
Sulfonylureas ∼1–2% Yes Gain 1–2 Renal/liver dosing
Repaglinide ∼1.0% Yes Gain 3 None
Nateglinide <1.0% Yes Gain 3 None
TZDs 1.0–1.5% No Gain 1–2 CHF
GLP-1 agonists ∼1.0% No Loss 1–2 injections Renal dosing (exenatide)
DPP-4 inhibitors ∼0.8–1.0% No Neutral 1 Renal dosing
Pramlintide 0.5–1.0% No Loss 3 injections Gastroparesis
AGIs ∼0.5–0.7% No Loss 3 Tolerability
BAS ∼0.5–0.7% No Neutral 1–2 TG >500 mg/dL
Insulin 1–3% Yes Gain 1–4 injections None

T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TZDs, thiazolidinediones; CHF, congestive heart failure; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; AGIs, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors; BAS, bile acid sequestrants; TG, triglycerides.