Fig. 3.

Peripheral B cells become activated and traffic to the CNS during acute SV encephalitis. Flow cytometry quantifies the proportion of CD19+ B cells in the spleen and peripheral blood expressing the known activation marker, CD86, over the course of acute infection (A). Total brain MNCs are simultaneously quantified from infected and sham-inoculated mice at three time points (B). Flow cytometry then determines the proportion of CD19+/CD45+ B cells (right panel) found among the cells present in the forward/side scatter lymphocyte gate (left panel) within the brains of SV-infected animals (C). The total number of B cells per brain is calculated as described in Section 2 (D). All bars represent the mean ± SEM of percentages or numbers measured from at least triplicate animals.