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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 12.
Published in final edited form as: Neuron. 2011 May 12;70(3):468–481. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.020

Figure 5. ApNLG Mediates LTF and Associated Presynaptic Structural Changes.

Figure 5

(A and B) Injection of ApNLG anti-sense oligonucleotide in the postsynaptic motor neuron to down-regulate the translation level of ApNLG blocks LTF (A) but has no effect on STF (B). EPSPs were recorded from motor neurons in response to extracellular stimulation of sensory neurons before and 24 hr after exposure to 5 × 5-HT (10 μM, 5 min) for LTF or before and 5 min after exposure to 1 × 5-HT (10 μM, 5 min) for STF. Changes in amplitudes are shown as a bar graph. (C) Injection of ApNLG anti-sense oligonucleotide in the postsynaptic motor neuron also blocks growth of new presynaptic varicosities associated with LTF. The sensory neurons were injected a whole cell marker Alexa 594. The number of sensory neuron varicosities in apposition to the initial segment and major neurites of the motor neuron were counted before and 24 hours after exposure to 5 × 5-HT (10 μM, 5 min). Changes in numbers of varicosities are shown as a bar graph. Total of 123 cells and 1939 varicosities in 25 independent experiments were analyzed. (D) Representative images of presynaptic varicosities before and after 5-HT treatment. Red arrows indicate some newly formed varicosities. Scale bar 10 μm.

See also Figure S3.