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. 2011 May 26;2011:912925. doi: 10.1155/2011/912925

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Copyright © 2011 Danielle Ingrid Bezerra de Vasconcelos et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Effect of the pretreatment with Ouabain (OUA, 0.56 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally on acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate test in mice. Each bar represents the mean of six or ten animals. Morphine (MOR, 10 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally was used for analgesia. Naloxone (NLX, 5 mg/kg), an opioid antagonist, was used to test the involvement of opioid receptors. Asterisks denote the significance level compared with control values; # compared with the Ouabain group and + compared with the morphine group. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. and analyzed by software Graphpad Prism using (ANOVA) followed Dunnett's test. *P < .05; **P < .01, and ***P < .001.