Table 1.
Criteria for the clinical diagnosis
| No. | Clinical features | CPE | ALI/ARDS |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PCWP in right heart catheterization (if examined), mmHg | > 18 | ≤ 18 |
| 2 | Culture results and/or immunological test for infections | Negative | Positive |
| 3 | LVEF < 50% and/or diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography | Present | Absent |
| 4 | Pleural effusion on chest radiographs | Present | Absent |
| 5 | PaO2 / FiO2 > 400 within 3 days after diuresis | Present | Absent |
CPE subjects were required No. 1 and No.2, together with at least two features in Nos. 3-5.
ALI/ARDS subjects were required No.1, together with at least three features in Nos. 2-5.
The patients who did not meet these diagnostic criteria were categorized as having mixed edema,
ALI: acute lung injury; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; CPE: cardiogenic pulmonary edema; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure