Table 5.
Effect of seasonality on artepillin C content (%) of leaves of B. dracunculifolia along 1 year.
| Month/ | São Paulo state | Minas Gerais state | Paraná state | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| regions | Franca 1(I) | Cajurú(I) | Franca 2(I) | Ribeirão Preto(I) | Campinas(I) | Paraguaçu(I) | Alfenas(I) | Ouro Fino(I) | Colombo 1(II) | Colombo 2(I) |
| May/04(a) | 0.04 ± 0.01(a) | 0.04 ± 0.01(a) | 0.03 ± 0.02(a) | 0.00(a) | 0.04 ± 0.02(a) | 0.04 ± 0.01(a) | 0.03 ± 0.01(a) | 0.04 ± 0.01(a) | 0.00(a) | 0.00(a) |
| June/04(a) | 0.11 ± 0.02(a) | 0.08 ± 0.06(a) | 0.15 ± 0.03(b) | 0.08 ± 0.03(a) | 0.10 ± 0.01(a) | 0.11 ± 0.02(a) | 0.14 ± 0.02(a) | 0.10 ± 0.03(a) | 0.00(a) | 0.03 ± 0.01(a) |
| July/04(a) | 0.15 ± 0.07(b) | 0.05 ± 0.01(a) | 0.15 ± 0.05(b) | 0.10 ± 0.05(a) | 0.16 ± 0.04(b) | 0.12 ± 0.01(a) | 0.11 ± 0.01(a) | 0.10 ± 0.01(a) | 0.00(a) | 0.06 ± 0.02(a) |
| August/04(a) | 0.10 ± 0.01(a) | 0.09 ± 0.02(a) | 0.10 ± 0.01(a) | 0.11 ± 0.02(a) | 0.13 ± 0.01(a) | 0.15 ± 0.04(b) | 0.10 ± 0.03(a) | 0.09 ± 0.01(a) | 0.00(a) | 0.03 ± 0.01(a) |
| Sept/04(a) | 0.10 ± 0.01(a) | 0.11 ± 0.07(a) | 0.13 ± 0.02(a) | 0.09 ± 0.02(a) | 0.14 ± 0.04(a) | 0.16 ± 0.01(b) | 0.17 ± 0.02(b) | 0.19 ± 0.02(b) | 0.00(a) | 0.04 ± 0.01(a) |
| Oct/04(a) | 0.13 ± 0.04(a) | 0.19 ± 0.10(b) | 0.26 ± 0.05(b) | 0.21 ± 0.05(b) | 0.20 ± 0.01(b) | 0.28 ± 0.04(b) | 0.23 ± 0.03(b) | 0.22 ± 0.03(b) | 0.00(a) | 0.13 ± 0.05(b) |
| Nov/04(b) | 0.26 ± 0.04(b) | 0.31 ± 0.05(b) | 0.45 ± 0.11(b) | 0.20 ± 0.09(b) | 0.31 ± 0.08(b) | 0.35 ± 0.04(b) | 0.29 ± 0.03(b) | 0.30 ± 0.01(b) | 0.06 ± 0.01(b) | 0.10 ± 0.02(b) |
| Dec/04(b) | 0.41 ± 0.06(b) | 0.32 ± 0.02(b) | 0.38 ± 0.08(b) | 0.23 ± 0.09(b) | 0.22 ± 0.01(b) | 0.36 ± 0.01(b) | 0.37 ± 0.06(b) | 0.26 ± 0.08(b) | 0.05 ± 0.02(b) | 0.15 ± 0.04(b) |
| Jan/05(b) | 0.46 ± 0.02(b) | 0.49 ± 0.12(b) | 0.50 ± 0.15(b) | 0.18 ± 0.14(b) | 0.29 ± 0.08(b) | 0.36 ± 0.01(b) | 0.38 ± 0.04(b) | 0.31 ± 0.05(b) | 0.05 ± 0.02(b) | 0.18 ± 0.05(b) |
| Feb/05(b) | 0.53 ± 0.04(b) | 0.47 ± 0.05(b) | 0.71 ± 0.12(b) | 0.44 ± 0.11(b) | 0.58 ± 0.10(b) | 0.50 ± 0.15(b) | 0.71 ± 0.13(b) | 0.46 ± 0.18(b) | 0.08 ± 0.03(b) | 0.26 ± 0.06(b) |
| March/05(b) | 0.46 ± 0.01(b) | 0.47 ± 0.09(b) | 0.55 ± 0.04(b) | 0.51 ± 0.05(b) | 0.59 ± 0.06(b) | 0.53 ± 0.01(b) | 0.55 ± 0.05(b) | 0.45 ± 0.07(b) | 0.10 ± 0.05(b) | 0.37 ± 0.10(b) |
| April/05(b) | 0.72 ± 0.01(b) | 0.71 ± 0.07(b) | 0.87 ± 0.08(b) | 0.73 ± 0.16(b) | 1.09 ± 0.25(b) | 0.77 ± 0.13(b) | 0.96 ± 0.16(b) | 0.65 ± 0.22(b) | 0.16 ± 0.05(b) | 0.45 ± 0.10(b) |
Capital and small letters denote significant differences at P < .01. (A) and (B) refer to the mean values among population for each month; (a) and (b) correspond to the significant differences for each population in time frame studied. (I) and (II) denote significant differences at P < .05 among populations in time frame studied.