Table 2.
Comparison of the outcomes before and after treatment in the two comparison groups receiving escitalopram and Tai Chi and escitalorpam and Health Education
| esCIT+ TC (N=36) Baseline | esCIT+ HE (N=37) Baseline | t(P) | esCIT+ TC (N=33) Mean (SD) End of Treatment | esCIT+ HE (N=35) Mean (SD) End of Treatment | Time (Change Pre-Post Tx) (sig.) | Group × time (sig.) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables, Depression | |||||||
| Hamilton Depression Rating Score, mean (sd) | 17.8 (2.0) | 17.0 (1.6) | 1.90 (0.07) | 5.1 (3.5) | 6.7 (4.4) | .001 | .01 |
| Comorbid psychiatric symptoms | |||||||
| Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, mean (sd) | 9.1 (2.7) | 9.3 (3.4) | 0.30 (0.77) | 3.5 (2.7) | 4.2 (3.0) | .001 | .27 |
| Apathy Evaluation Scale, mean (sd) | 34.9 (8.2) | 33.1 (8.2) | 0.94 (0.35) | 44.3 (5.8) | 37.9 (8.9) | .007 | .02 |
| Comorbid medical/neurological symptoms | |||||||
| CIRS-G,* mean (sd) | 5.3 (3.0) | 6.1 (3.5) | 1.04 (0.30) | 5.2 (3.1) | 5.6 (3.9) | .73 | .57 |
| CVRF,* mean (sd) | 10.1 (5.1) | 11.1 (4.7) | 0.89 (0.38) | 9.7 (4.9) | 10.6 (3.9) | .53 | .68 |
| UPDRS,* mean (sd) | 2.5 (4.1) | 4.0 (3.6) | 1.61 (0.12) | 1.5 (2.7) | 3.6 (4.4) | .93 | .24 |
| Coping | |||||||
| Resilience, mean (sd) | 60.5 (14.0) | 56.9 (13.4) | 1.13 (0.27) | 71.5 (9.5) | 65.5 (14.3) | .04 | .34 |
| Sleep | |||||||
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, mean (sd) | 14.4 (6.1) | 13.8 (6.1) | 0.38 (0.71) | 9.0 (6.4) | 10.5 (5.7) | .003 | .08 |
| Health Functioning | |||||||
| SF-36 physical functioning | 93.6 (9.6) | 91.4 (12.0) | 0.89 (0.38) | 97.3 (4.2) | 91.1 (13.1) | .97 | .02 |
| SF-36 role emotional | 48.1 (37.8) | 57.6 (32.1) | 1.16 (0.25) | 83.9 (25.2) | 71.2 (28.3) | .42 | .003 |
| Cognition | |||||||
| MMSE* | 29.2 (1.0) | 29.0 (1.3) | 0.72 (0.48) | 29.2 (1.1) | 29.3 (1.1) | .62 | .24 |
| CVLT long delayed recall, cued* | 11.8 (3.4) | 11.3 (3.6) | 0.28 (0.78) | 12.36 (2.8) | 10.5 (3.4) | .018 | .05 |
| Trails A errors | 0.44 (0.72) | 0.43 (.95) | 0.09 (0.93) | 0.19 (0.47) | 0.54 (1.09) | .37 | .07 |
| Inflamamtory Marker | |||||||
| CRP | 2.9 (2.5) | 2.6 (2.3) | 0.40 (0.69) | 1.8 (1.6) | 2.2 (2.1) | .05 | .10 |
*
CIRS- medical burden; CVRF- vascular burden; UPDRS- Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating scale; MMSE- Mini-Mental State examination score; CVLT- California Verbal learning score for verbal memory; Trails A errors- test of executive function.