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. 2011 Feb 13;2011:610625. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq051

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Chemical structure of dammarane-type ginsenoside triterpenoids detected in the GE (P. quinquefolius). Regions R1–R3 consist of different attachments of sugar moieties and refer to the following abbreviations: Af: arabinofuranose, Ap: arabinopyranose, G: glucopyranose, R: rhamnopyranose.