FIG. 3.

Changes in gene expression of PGC1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha and TFAm (mitochondrial transcription factor A)) (A) and protein expression of TFAm (B) determined by quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting, respectively, in muscle biopsy samples from participants in the weight loss plus exercise (WL + E) intervention (WL + E, black circles) and the educational control group (open circles). Data represent the fold change of expression between samples from the same subject taken before and after 6 months of intervention. The line at y = 1 represents baseline. Individual data, group mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) are displayed. (*) Significant difference of change between groups. Number of participants for gene expression: Controls, 3; WL + E, 5. Number of participants for protein expression: controls, 4; WL + E, 7.