Figure 3. Role of autophagy in health and disease progression.

Autophagy is required for cellular and organismal heath and is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. Disorders are shown in blue. Lines with an arrowhead or a cross short line represent positive or negative regulation of the pathway, respectively. Bold or gray lines represent pathways upregulated or downregulated respectively during lipid homeostasis collapse. The dashed line depicts flux of fatty acids from adipocytes to liver. The asterisk indicates the abnormal deposit of fatty acids in liver when lipid homeostasis is disrupted. The question mark denotes a putative regulation. Yellow shading shows where autophagy is involved in the regulation of lipid homeostasis. Red shading shows inflammation, which promotes tumorigenesis and is suppressed by autophagy. HFD: high-fat diet.