Table 3.
Odds of Not Receiving Colorectal Cancer Screeninga, by Health Care Use and by Demographic and Health Characteristics, Boston, Massachusetts, 2005-2010b
| Characteristic | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Glycemic control | ||
| HbA1c >8.5% | 1.51 (1.34-1.71) | 1.56 (1.38-1.77) |
| HbA1c ≤8.5% | 1 [Reference] | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1 [Reference] | |
| Female | 1.04 (0.94-1.16) | NC |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | 1 [Reference] | |
| Black | 0.92 (0.83-1.03) | NC |
| Latino | 0.97 (0.83-1.13) | NC |
| No. of primary care visits in 5 years | ||
| ≥20 | 1 [Reference] | |
| <20 | 2.40 (2.14-2.68) | 2.19 (1.95-2.46) |
| No. of ED visits in 5 years | ||
| 0-10 | 1 [Reference] | |
| >10 | 1.05 (0.94-1.17) | NC |
| Age, yc | 1.02 (1.02-1.03) | 1.03 (1.02-1.03) |
| End-stage renal disease | ||
| Yes | 0.69 (0.57-0.84) | NC |
| No | 1 [Reference] | |
| Language preference | ||
| English | 1 [Reference] | |
| Other | 1.25 (1.11-1.40) | NC |
| Health insurance coverage | ||
| Government | 0.79 (0.71-0.88) | 0.70 (0.60-0.80) |
| Private | 0.78 (0.68-0.89) | 0.68 (0.57-0.81) |
| None | 1 [Reference] | |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; NC, not calculated; ED, emergency department.
a
Defined as colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy within 5 years or fecal occult blood test within 1 year.
b
All patients in sample were aged ≥50 y and had been diagnosed with diabetes.
c
Any selected age (≥50 y) can be used as the reference group. For example, to estimate the odds of not receiving colorectal cancer screening among people aged 70 y with people aged 50 y, subtract 50 from 70 and raise the OR (1.02) or adjusted OR (1.03) to that power.