Table 2. Main brain regions where STN-DBS increased FDG-SUVR (SPM8 analysis).
|
Right |
Left |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
MNI coordinatesa |
Z score |
MNI coordinatesa |
Z score | |||||
| x | y | z | x | y | z | |||
| Lateral frontal cortex | ||||||||
| Orbitofrontal cortex | 33 | 32 | −20 | 3.68 | ||||
| Fronto-polar cortex (BA10) | 12 | 59 | 4 | 3.96 | −21 | 65 | 1 | 4.33 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus | ||||||||
| (BA47) | 51 | 47 | 1 | 4.07 | −39 | 38 | −8 | 3.40 |
| (BA10) | 51 | 47 | 1 | 4.07 | −48 | 47 | 1 | 3.71 |
| Frontal operculum (BA44/45) | 42 | 14 | 7 | 4.56 | ||||
| Middle frontal gyrus | ||||||||
| (BA10) | −39 | 56 | 7 | 3.45 | ||||
| (BA9) | −45 | 23 | 40 | 3.59 | ||||
| (BA8) | 39 | 20 | 55 | 3.41 | ||||
| Superior frontal gyrus | ||||||||
| (BA10) | 18 | 62 | 22 | 4.33 | −18 | 59 | 22 | 3.87 |
| (BA9) | −24 | 53 | 28 | 3.46 | ||||
| Precentral gyrus (BA6) | 39 | −7 | 46 | 3.91 | −54 | 2 | 31 | 3.46 |
| Insula (posterior) | 42 | −13 | −14 | 3.65 | ||||
| Lateral temporal cortex | ||||||||
| Left temporal pole (BA38) | −57 | 11 | −23 | 4.55 | ||||
| Superior temporal gyrus (BA22) | −63 | −28 | 1 | 3.88 | ||||
| Middle temporal gyrus (BA21) | 63 | −40 | −14 | 4.16 | −69 | −22 | −11 | 3.94 |
| Inferior temporal gyrus (BA20) | −57 | −27 | −26 | 3.80 | ||||
| Fusiform gyrus (BA37) | −30 | −31 | −26 | 3.74 | ||||
| Lingual gyrus (BA18) | −24 | −70 | −5 | 4.52 | ||||
| Lateral parietal cortex | ||||||||
| Temporo-parietal junction | 48 | −49 | 40 | 3.78 | −54 | −46 | 31 | 3.59 |
| Angular gyrus (BA39/40) | 45 | −64 | 40 | 4.12 | ||||
| Inferior parietal lobule (BA40) | 48 | −49 | 40 | 3.78 | −57 | −43 | 40 | 4.05 |
| Postcentral gyrus (BA1/2/3) | 36 | −31 | 43 | 3.58 | −45 | −25 | 34 | 3.45 |
| Midline areas | ||||||||
| Subgenual frontal cortex (BA32/25) | 6 | 29 | −8 | 4.10 | ||||
| Medial frontal gyrus | ||||||||
| (BA9) | 0 | 47 | 31 | 3.84 | ||||
| (BA10) | 12 | 59 | 4 | 3.96 | ||||
| (BA6—pre-SMA) | 6 | 20 | 52 | 4.03 | ||||
| Cingulate cortex | ||||||||
| Anterior (BA24/32) | 12 | 26 | 19 | 3.42 | ||||
| Middle (BA6/24; CCZ) | −12 | −7 | 46 | 3.60 | ||||
| Cuneus (BA18) | −3 | −94 | 16 | 4.51 | ||||
| Subcortical areas | ||||||||
| Caudate nucleus | 18 | 20 | 7 | 3.97 | −15 | 11 | 10 | 3.34 |
| Left globus pallidus | −21 | −4 | −2 | 4.20 | ||||
| Thalamus | 6 | −22 | −2 | 3.67 | −18 | −25 | 4 | 3.41 |
| Right PPN area | 6 | −34 | −17 | 4.21 | ||||
| Left cerebellum | −12 | −49 | −23 | 3.48 | ||||
ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; BA, Brodmann's area; CCZ, caudal cingulate zone; DBS, deep brain stimulation; PPN, pedunculopontine nucleus; pre-SMA, presupplementary motor area.
a
Coordinates (in millimeters) of peak differences in MNI space (Montreal Neurological Institute; http://www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca) are given for information. Anatomical localization of SPM detected peak differences was assessed on the average spatially normalized MRI image from six patients with PD. Individual PET images were spatially normalized on a customized MRI-derived template that was specific for the data under investigation and thus that did not perfectly match the canonical template image in MNI space (see Materials and methods).