Figure 4. MLST primer bias.

Relative deviations between expected and observed plasmid frequencies. Standard MLST primers were used to clone plasmids from a quadruply infected host. Expected plasmid frequencies were calculated based on the relative load of each Wolbachia strain, assuming no primer bias, and compared with the observed plasmid frequencies. At a value of 1, expected and observed frequency are identical. Values higher than 1 indicate that a strain was cloned more often than expected. A value of 0 indicates that the corresponding strain was not found in any plasmid. (*) coxA not applicable in wCer1, as the allele is shared with wCer4.