Age (years, median) |
59 |
67 |
59 |
Female Sex |
28% |
10% |
30% |
United States |
89% |
89% |
89% |
Canada |
8% |
10% |
8% |
France |
3% |
1% |
3% |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2, median) |
30 |
28 |
30 |
Ischemic Etiology of HF |
51% |
83% |
49% |
Current Angina Pectoris Class |
|
|
|
None |
84% |
79% |
84% |
I |
9% |
9% |
9% |
II–IV |
8% |
12% |
7% |
Moderate to Severe or Severe Mitral Regurgitation |
11% |
12% |
11% |
Rest Electrocardiographic Ventricular Conduction |
|
|
|
Normal |
43% |
35% |
44% |
Left Bundle Branch Block |
17% |
17% |
17% |
Right Bundle Branch Block |
4% |
6% |
4% |
Intraventricular Conduction Delay |
13% |
13% |
13% |
Paced |
23% |
29% |
23% |
Creatinine in mg/dL (median) |
1.2 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
Baseline Beta Blocker Dose Using Carvedilol Equivalent (mg/day, median) |
27 |
31 |
27 |
Baseline Loop Diuretic Dose Using Furosemide Equivalent (mg/day, median) |
40 |
40 |
40 |
KCCQ Overall Summary Score at Baseline (median) |
68 |
65 |
68 |
Smoking Status |
|
|
|
Never |
37% |
19% |
39% |
Current |
17% |
28% |
16% |
Past |
46% |
53% |
46% |
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (%, median) |
25% |
25% |
25% |
History of Hypertension |
60% |
77% |
59% |
History of Diabetes Mellitus |
32% |
45% |
31% |
Prior Myocardial Infarction |
42% |
68% |
40% |
Prior Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
11% |
30% |
9% |
Prior Stroke |
10% |
17% |
10% |
Baseline Exercise Testing Medians (Q1, Q3)
|
|
|
|
Exercise Duration on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (minutes) |
9.6 (6.9, 12.0) |
8.0 (5.7, 10.0) |
9.8 (7.0, 12.1) |
Peak Oxygen Consumption (mL/kg/min) |
14.4 (11.4, 17.7) |
12.5 (10.0, 15.0) |
14.6 (11.6, 17.8) |
6 Minute Walk Distance (meters) |
370 (299, 435) |
306 (235, 393) |
375 (302, 438) |
Randomized Treatment Assignment
|
|
|
|
Usual Care |
50% |
54% |
50% |
Exercise Training + Usual Care |
50% |
46% |
50% |