Table 5.
Means and ANOVAS for Comparisons of Memories for Stressful Events with Word-Cued, Important, and Positive Events
Variable | Means | ANOVA’s F(1,115) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
For Four Memory Types | Comparison: Stressful versus | Interaction with PTSD Group | ||||||||
Word- Cued |
Import -ant |
Posi- tive |
Stress -ful |
Word-Cued | Important | Positive | Word-Cued | Important | Positive | |
Emotions | ||||||||||
Intensity | 4.41 | 4.97 | 5.33 | 5.69 | 110.11**** | 41.96**** | 7.01** | 1.27 | 1.04 | 1.82 |
Reaction | 3.91 | 4.46 | 4.60 | 4.88 | 39.12**** | 7.01** | 2.31 | 2.37 | 1.65 | 2.55 |
Valence | 0.78 | 1.33 | 2.33 | −1.63 | 226.86**** | 283.32**** | 411.27**** | 1.72 | 2.78 | 7.81** |
Rehearsal | ||||||||||
Rehearsal | 3.83 | 4.61 | 5.05 | 4.92 | 72.70**** | 7.17** | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.49 | 1.68 |
Involuntary | 3.29 | 3.91 | 4.18 | 4.43 | 66.91**** | 17.14**** | 6.21* | 8.12** | 0.35 | 0.44 |
Centrality | ||||||||||
Life-Story | 4.30 | 5.68 | 6.09 | 5.95 | 126.45**** | 5.55* | 1.56 | 0.16 | 1.24 | 0.18 |
Sensory and Language Processes | ||||||||||
See | 5.49 | 5.70 | 5.78 | 5.83 | 12.77*** | 1.91 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 1.19 |
Field | 6.05 | 6.16 | 6.29 | 6.16 | 1.49 | 0.13 | 1.41 | 0.12 | 1.12 | 1.41 |
Setting | 5.51 | 5.77 | 5.88 | 5.84 | 14.06*** | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 1.43 |
Hear | 4.39 | 4.68 | 5.07 | 5.13 | 33.01**** | 14.90*** | 0.49 | 2.41 | 0.54 | 0.54 |
Smell | 3.29 | 3.04 | 3.22 | 3.19 | 0.24 | 1.35 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.15 |
In-Words | 3.54 | 4.02 | 4.25 | 4.28 | 27.09**** | 6.34* | 0.39 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 1.23 |
Narrative | ||||||||||
Story | 5.03 | 5.51 | 5.64 | 5.62 | 20.16**** | 1.13 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.31 |
Pieces | 3.30 | 3.14 | 3.08 | 3.41 | 0.15 | 2.73 | 5.83* | 1.04 | 2.73 | 4.23* |
Metacognitive Judgments | ||||||||||
Reliving | 4.57 | 5.01 | 5.45 | 5.26 | 23.85**** | 4.94* | 5.30* | 4.02* | 0.87 | 2.65 |
Belief | 6.30 | 6.53 | 6.56 | 6.53 | 11.29** | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.74 | 0.08 | 0.03 |
Reported Properties of Events | ||||||||||
Specific | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.41 | 1.75 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.72 |
Age-of-Memory | 19.80 | 17.89 | 15.58 | 16.06 | 19.50**** | 7.79** | 0.01 | 0.02 | 8.97** | 4.08* |
Note:
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001,
p < .0001, all F(1,115), except merged, which is F(1,73), F(1,64), and F(1,62) for the word-cued, important, and positive comparisons, respectively. For means for the means of the three-way interaction of PTSD group by stressful versus another memory type, see Tables 3 and 4. The age-of memory is in years.